Azimuth
The compass direction a solar panel faces, expressed in degrees (0° = north, 90° = east, 180° = south, 270° = west). Due south (180°) is optimal for maximum annual production in the Northern Hemisphere.
Why It Matters
A south-facing array produces ~100% of potential; southwest/southeast ~95%; west/east ~80-85%. West-facing can be optimal in TOU markets where afternoon production is most valuable.
Related Terms
Solar Azimuth
The compass direction of the sun. In the Northern Hemisphere, south-facing panels (180° azimuth) typically produce the most energy.
Tilt Angle
The angle of solar panels relative to horizontal. Optimal tilt often equals your latitude for year-round production.
Shading Analysis
An assessment of how trees, buildings, or other objects cast shadows on your roof throughout the year, affecting solar production.